Well , yes , there are certain documents very much similar to what we use while developing any software.
Web site development is somewhat different than usual software development, but it takes same step of feasibility check, analysis, design, coding, testing etc.
To make it simple
1) have an analysis document of the website (requirement, users, input, output,
process)
2) define the content of main page and inside pages
3) define the navigation structure
4) define the target users
5) define the design elements
6) define secruity requirements
and so on.
just document what ever you usually do while designing and developing a website.
if you still have problem, you can check the template for "SRS" (system requirement specification) on ieee site
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